You are viewing the article Detailed instructions on how to assemble your own computer (build PC) at home at thtrangdai.edu.vn, you can quickly access the necessary information at the table of contents of the article below.
Assembling a PC yourself can seem daunting for the first time, but as long as you choose the right components and place them correctly in each slot and slot, everything will fall into place. In this article, thtrangdai.edu.vn will show you step by step how to assemble a PC.
PC disassembly tool
You should equip a specialized computer disassembly tool set so you can use it when needed
Before building a PC, you need to prepare the following tools and equipment:
- Versatile screwdriver set with a full range of heads and sizes.
- Tweezers with curved ends and straight ends to pick up components such as screws, IC chips or open connection circuits in narrow places when you can’t use your hands to manipulate.
- Plastic drawstring to hide the connection wire between components inside the case such as GPU, SSD, HDD, cooling fan, etc. to increase the aesthetics of the case, helping the airflow in the PC to circulate easily, avoiding increased temperature of the hardware.
- Anti-static wrist strap for safety, preventing the accumulation of static electricity on the human body. A build-up of static electricity can lead to electrostatic discharges that are harmful to sensitive components such as the CPU or RAM.
- Setup before the monitor, keyboard, and mouse so that after installing the computer, you can conduct a test run and don’t forget to prepare a power outlet and internet connection cord.
- Tools to install the operating system: CD or USB, hard drive, DVD. For fast and convenient, you should prepare a USB containing the Windows 10 installer, the latest operating system today.
Steps to perform the PC installation process
Remove the computer case.
Open the two sides of the case by using a screwdriver to remove the screws and slide the case back. Gently lift the lid off and put it in a safe place, the screws you should put in a small tray to avoid being lost.
Install a cooling fan for the computer
When installing a cooling fan, pay attention to the direction of the fan’s blowing. The fan will have two sides, the front is usually labeled with the logo, the back is also labeled with the logo but will have a few more specifications.
In addition, the back side has more plastic bars connecting the frame and the rotating shaft. If you forget, you can look at the side of the fan and there will be 2 arrows, the horizontal arrow will indicate the direction of the wind circulation, the vertical arrow will indicate the direction the propeller rotates.
The air direction will go from the front to the back. Install the fan to ensure that the amount of air entering is more than the amount of air going out of the case to optimize heat dissipation for the computer.
Usually, there will be 2 fans in the front to draw air in and at least 1 fan will be attached to the back of the case to push all the hot air inside the case out. You can also install one or two fans on top of the computer case to exhaust hot air.
Install the main shield and washers.
The main shield (I/O Shield) usually comes with the motherboard, has a rectangular shape that is inserted into the back of the computer case. This main shield has holes to plug in peripherals such as mouse, keyboard, speaker wire, USB, network cable, etc. and protects the main from external impacts when plugging multiple cables into the I/0 port.
Now place the main shield into the rectangular slot at the back of the PC case. Make sure that the inside of the shield is the side of the jacks that are bent inward and that the direction of the Audio ports will be below.
Next, install the spacer screws to support the motherboard. If you do not install the board spacer screws, it will come into contact with the case and lead to a short circuit when connecting the power source. Let’s see how many positions the motherboard has to be able to catch the spacer screws correctly, avoiding excess and lack of spacers.
Place your motherboard on top of the spacers in the case, carefully placing the connectors relative to the holes in the I/O shield you just installed. Then just fix the motherboard with the main screws.
Install the CPU
Next step, install the CPU to the motherboard.
Remove the cover by gently pressing down on the latch and pushing the needle lever back to the right and then pulling up the socket cover. Gently place your CPU inside the socket so it fits completely.
Note there will be a triangle in the lower left corner and 2 recesses at the edge of the CPU, these points must coincide with the markings on the main.
Close the CPU cover, reverse operation as when removing, the CPU cover will pop out, meaning it’s done. The CPU cover should be kept in case when removing the CPU, install it to cover the socket to avoid bending the legs.
Install RAM
RAM and Mainboard need to choose the right standard to be compatible with each other, ensuring the computer has the highest performance.
- If you only have 1 RAM stick, you should prioritize installing it in a location far from the CPU to avoid hot temperatures emitted from the CPU.
- If you want to plug in 2 RAM sticks in case your main has up to 4 slots, then plug them together to support dual channel technology (doubling the communication speed between the memory controller and the RAM memory to improve system performance).
Each RAM line will have different pins, so please note. Gently press the latch at the ends of the RAM slot to the sides, put the RAM in the right position so that the recess at the RAM pin matches the pin below. Straighten the RAM with the pins and then press the 2 ends down, the 2 latches will close and fix the RAM stick.
Install CPU cooling fan
This is a complicated part of the PC assembly process, installing the CPU cooling fan.
Carefully place the heatsink so that the 4 pins fit the 4 holes around the CPU, fixed by symmetrically pressing down on each pair of heatsink fan pins so that a “crack” sound is heard. Then, plug the heatsink into the 4 CPU Fan pins on the main.
Install the hard drive
Currently, the cases all support the installation of multiple hard drives from SSD, HDD to DVD, each type has its own mounting tray compatible with the size of each type of hard drive.
The way to install the case is quite simple, so you can rest assured. For the HDD to be horizontal, pay attention to the downward-facing circuit, put it in the hard drive tray, push the tray in, and then fix the screws.
Installing an SSD hard drive is similar, however each case will have its own location to install the SSD. There will be holes on the SSD body for screws, so pay attention to the location of the SSD to facilitate plugging in the SATA cable.
When inserting the cable into the main and the SATA data cable for the hard drive, notice the L-joint at the end of the cable, the port on the main is also the same, put it in the right direction and push it slightly.
Install power supply (PSU)
After you have installed the mainboard, CPU, memory and hard drive, next you will continue to install the power source. Usually the source will be installed at the bottom of the computer because the source is quite heavy, if not handled carefully, it can fall on the main or other components leading to damage.
Installing the power source on the bottom also creates more space than installing it on the top of the computer case.
Put the power in the place arranged in the case, the power pin will face the back of the case, push the PSU into the screwing positions and tighten. The heatsink fan integrated inside the source should be directed to the bottom of the PC, this will help the source draw cool air.
Install push buttons and peripheral communication ports
For the I/O power buttons on the front of the case to work properly, you need to connect the correct cables. If you are unfamiliar, see the motherboard installation manual and determine the pins and cables that need to be connected.
Try to do this part gently, so as not to bend the legs. It is important to note that for any LEDs (HDD and Power) the positive and negative pins need to be correctly inserted into the positive and negative pins on the main.
The audio jack is located on the bottom left of most motherboards. On the pins and plugs, there will be a missing position, you just need to pay attention so that the two missing pins coincide to be able to plug in.
The USB 2.0 cord you attach to the USB port on the main. The USB pin will also have a missing position, you just need to plug it in to match. The USB 3.0 cable will be larger than the USB 2.0 cable, there will be a protrusion on the end so that when you plug it in, it will hold the USB cord firmly.
Plug the power cord into the component
Identify the 24-pin power pin on the main, on the power cord there will be pins plugged into the power jack on the main, plug the pins into the 24-pin power pin so that they can match. The 8-pin power supply to the CPU is installed similarly to the 24-pin power supply.
Next, take one end of the SATA cable and attach whatever hard drive you have installed, the other end into the SATA port on the motherboard. Plug in the same for the rest of the hard drives.
The power cord for the GPU is the power cord with the word PCle written on the end of the cord. Plug the PCIe power source into the GPU in the correct pin direction such as 24 pin and 8 pin power sources.
Install the graphics card
First look at the motherboard and locate the PCIe slot. From there, locate the GPU slot that will take up 2 or 3 PCIe slots and remove the covers in the case. Depending on the case, the PCle slot cover has different designs, some have to be broken, some just need to remove 2 screws on the slot cover and take it out.
Take the graphics card and put it in the position of the PCIe slots on the main, the GPU’s contact pins also have a concave section corresponding to the raised edge in the PCle slot.
Gently press down until you hear a click, then secure the GPU in place where you removed the PCle slot cover. The rear I/O ports on the GPU must face the back of the case.
Enter system BIOS
Now that your computer is assembled, let’s quickly install the computer case. First you have to make sure it actually works:
- Check the power cord of the Mainboard, CPU, data cord and hard drive power cord.
- Check if the RAM and GPU are plugged in tightly.
Take your temporarily assembled computer to a pre-prepared computer monitor, power up the PC, monitor, connect a keyboard and mouse to the PC.
Start and test again. Press the Delete key to enter the BIOS screen. Select System Setting to check the components:
- Check if the components in the computer are working properly.
- Check the cooling fans of the CPU, PSU and case fan to see if they are working.
- Check your CPU temperature, make sure it’s operating around 30-40 degrees Celsius and make sure your boot drive is working correctly.
- Check to see if the hard drive is fully connected.
- Check the speed of RAM.
If everything looks good on the screen, enable overclocking to optimize the speed of RAM (if you build your PC for gaming and support XMP or DOCP options). Then press F10 to save and exit.
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Clean up
Now that your computer is working, disconnect the power and go back to the case. Remember to use plastic drawstring to tie the power cables in the case together to make it neat and beautiful.
Install Windows
Once you’ve finished mounting your PC, place it on your desk.
Most computers today lack an optical drive for installation operating system, so you will need to create a USB Boot on another PC. To do this, download the Windows 10 installer and install Windows 10 in an empty USB drive with at least 8GB of space.
Then just plug it into your new PC. Enter the BIOS again to tell your system to boot from the USB stick. When the message “Press any key to boot from DVD or USB” appears, press the ENTER key or any key to proceed to boot into the Windows 10 installation USB.
Once you have installed Windows, install additional drivers via a wired network to facilitate installation.
So you’ve completed the job of assembling the computer. If you have a lot of time, take care and be meticulous in each step of the assembly, ensuring you will be satisfied with your results. Good luck!
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